Who profits from standards?

"Everyone profits from standards." This is not just a slogan, it is a fact.  Because, the mere existence of standards provides many practical advantages,  especially for: 

Enterprises

  • decreasing transaction costs
  • reduction of expenses for business initiation and administration
  • consolidation of competitive position
  • market expansion (using European & International Standards)

State

  • knowledge in the form of public goods
  • high multiplier effect: every Euro invested in standardisation yields a forty-fold increase in profit
  • instrument of applied economic policy, e.g.
    - realisation and deepening of the Single European Market
    - requirement for EU-membership
    - "International Standards" are a central topic at the World Trade Organisation WTO
  • concretion of the "basic requirements" of EU Directives
  • declaration of standards as being mandatory by law or decrees
  • reference to standards
  • reference to standards in legal notifications

Science, Testing Laboratories

  • putting research results into economic practice
  • basic principles for inspection
  • availability of common testing methods
  • test results are comparable and comprehensive

Consumers

  • specification of safety requirements for products
  • definition of the requirements for services (minimum volume, qualification of the supplier)